Effects of Pesticides on Amphibians and Tentative Solutions: Review

Amphibians are among the main affected non-target groups, victim of pesticides. This review puts into evidence worldwide studies on lethal and sub-lethal effects pollutants amphibians proposes solutions to handle issue. Literature was carried out from articles books, 123 studies. The number pesticide formulations used in very high. Pesticide effect environment biota general have been assessed many using tools such as biomonitoring, bioassays laboratory semi-field conditions Ecological Risk Assessment (EcoRA) with models. ecological varied often inter-related. Effects organism or at level usually considered an early warning indicator potential human health impact. can either be comprising cancer, tumours, lesions, reduction reproductive potential, immune suppression, disruption endocrine system, cellular Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage, teratogenic effects. Amphibian conservation done via protection genetic resources, cleaning habitat, sustainable harvesting, captive breeding, cloning reintroduction programmes. Proper use pesticides reinforcement regulation remains a necessity protect environmental health.